secular
courses.
About
11,000
stu-
dents
are
affected
in
one
locale,
more
than
25,000
in
the
other.
Also,
the
Reagan
administration,
which
had
been
pushing
for
more
public
involvement
in
private
schools,
1s
nursing
a
wound.
By
implication
the
rulings
indi-
cate
at
least
the
following:
1.
The
high
tribunal
remains
capable
of
emphatic
reaffirma-
tions
of
church-state
separation
despite
the
‘conservative’
or
‘‘accommodating’’
tendency
of
its
1983-1984
rulings.
2.
In
judging
aid
to
parochial
schools
the
three-part
test
adopted
in
the
1971
case
of
Lemon
wv.
Kurtzman
is
alive
and
well.
Under
that
test
a
law
or
program
is
per-
missible
if
its
purpose
is
secular,
if
its
primary
effect
is
neither
to
advance
nor
inhibit
religion,
and
if
excessive
entanglement
of
govern-
ment
and
religion
is
not
fostered.
3.
The
notion
that
some
curri-
cular
aspects
of
parochial
schools
are
“‘purely
secular”
is
dubious,
as
are
some
of
the
child-benefit
theories
currently
used
to
defend
parochiaid.
The
finding
that
on-site
neutral
services
are
not
constitutional
is
reverberating
nationwide.
A
chorus
of
sympathy
for
disadvan-
taged
pupils,
many
of
whose
most
urgent
educational
needs
may
now
go
unmet,
is
being
heard.
The
morale
of
the
participating
high
school
teachers
is
down—they
had
vowed
to
function
in
a
strictly
sep-
arationist
way,
but
now
find
their
integrity
being
questioned.
There
is
also
a
search
for
alter-
native,
more
acceptable
kinds
of
aid
to
parochial
schools.
Catholic
leaders,
for
example,
may
put
pub-
lic
school
instructors
in
mobile
classrooms
parked
adjacent
to
Catholic
schools,
or
bus
parochial
students
to
nearby
public
schools
during
or
after
school
hours
(re-
lease-time
in
reverse).
Third-party
|
providers
of
remedial
instruction
(educational
television)
and
neu-
tral
sites
(such
as
storefronts)
are
also
under
consideration.
Mean-
while,
the
White
House
is
striking
back
with
shopworn
proposals
to
give
parents
of
children
in
affected
schools
a
tuition
tax
credit
or
an
expendable
voucher—proposals
whose
fate
is
uncertain.
Since
1971,
the
Court
has
re-
viewed
more
than
a
dozen
varieties
of
aid
to
parochial
schools.
Only
one
or
two
have
passed
constitu-
tional
muster,
most
notably
Min-
nesota’s
provision
of
a
tax
break
for
the
payment
of
tuition.
Right
now
Government’s
revenue
preoc-
cupations
bode
well
for
critics
of
parochiaid,
as
does
the
Supreme
Court’s
careful
scrutiny
of
prac-
tices
that
are
litigated
on
church-
state
grounds.
£1]
Sources
of
Materials
(Continued
from
page
26)
riculum
for
elementary
schools
in
New
York
state.
For
information,
write
to
TEMPCO,
Inc.,
P.O.
Box
1982,
Topeka,
KS
66601.
8:30
Monday
Morning
is
an
alcohol
prevention
project
for
use
with
young
people
in
grades
7
through
12.
It
is
available
from
American
Business
Men's
Re-
search
Foundation,
Suite
1208,
Michigan
National
Tower,
Lans-
ing,
MI
48933.
The
Peer
Education
Manual
on
Alcohol!
and
Drugs
for
grades
7
through
12
costs
$65
and
is
avail-
able
from
the
County
of
Riverside
Health
Department,
Attention:
Monzoor
Massey,
3575
11th
St.
Riverside,
CA
92501.
Od
AU
Educational
Research
Index
(Continued
from
page
27)
Ladd,
Karen.
4
Comparative
Study
of
the
Psychological
Profiles
of
a
Selective
Sample
of
Incarcerated
Females
Versus
Non-Incarcerated
Females,
August,
1984,
179
pages,
Futcher,
Lukman,
Roy
L.
Androgynous
Coping
Be-
haviors:
A
Test
of
Bem’s
Sex-Role
Theory,
July,
1983,
107
pages,
Blitching-
ton.
Melgosa,
Julian.
Occupational
Identity
Assessment
Among
Middle
and
Late
Adolescents,
March,
1985,
231
pages,
Cruise.
Napper,
Byron
P.
A
Comparative
Study
Between
the
Black
and
White
Seventh-
day
Adventist
Seminarians
Concerning
Their
Attitudes
and
Perceptions
of
Their
Ministry
Relative
to
Selected
Social
and
Theological
Issues,
August,
1983,
257
pages,
Harris.
Purcell,
Stephen
L.
An
Empirical
Study
of
Relationship
Between
Religious
Ortho-
doxy
Defined
as
Religious
Rigidity
and
Religious
Closed-Mindedness
and
Mari-
tal
Sexual
Functioning,
April,
1984,
183
pages,
Thayer.
Reye,
Arnold
Colin,
Frederick
Griggs:
Seventh-day
Adventist
Educator
and
Administrator,
January,
1984,
492
pages,
Knight.
i]
Keeping
Youth
Drug-Free
{Continued
from
page
10)
phoric
highs
with
mild
discomfort
coming
down.
As
a
result,
the
user
begins
to
develop
a
tolerance
for
the
substance.
Behavior
changes
occur;
the
user
becomes
moody,
hostile;
loses
interest
in
hobbies
and
school;
begins
to
have
prob-
lems
with
the
law.
What
started
as
a
way
to
feel
good
(in
Stage
1)
becomes
the
way
to
feel
good.
Stage
3.
Preoccupation
with
drugs.
Now
the
young
person’s
whole
life
revolves
around
drugs.
Being
high
is
his
or
her
sole
in-
terest.
At
this
stage
the
drugs
of
choice
are
marijuana,
alcohol,
nic-
otine,
pills,
and
sometimes
co-
caine.
He
steals
and
deals.
Because
body
tolerance
has
increased
great-
ly,
the
user
feels
physical
and
psychological
distress
when
off
drugs.
After
the
euphoria,
there
is
a
backswing
into
pain.
By
this
stage,
the
young
person
has
severed
relationships
with
straight
friends
and
begins
to
experience
school
failure,
police
incidents,
job
32
THE
JOURNAL
OF
ADVENTIST
EDUCATION